Osmotic processes refer to the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane in response to a concentration gradient. This process occurs in living organisms, where osmosis plays a crucial role in maintaining cell structure and function by regulating the flow of water in and out of cells. In addition, osmotic processes are also used in various industrial applications such as desalination, wastewater treatment, and food processing. By manipulating osmotic pressure, these processes can be used to separate solutes from solvent, concentrate solutions, and purify water. Overall, the study of osmotic processes involves understanding the principles of osmosis, osmotic pressure, and the factors that influence the movement of water across membranes. Researchers in this area work to develop new technologies and techniques for utilizing osmosis in a wide range of applications.